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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of 80m or 265 feet. The maximum lifting capacity of a tower crane is sixteen thousand six hundred forty two kilograms or 39,690 lbs. with counter weights of twenty tons. Furthermore, two limit switches are used to be able to ensure the operator does not overload the crane. There is also one more safety feature referred to as a load moment switch to make sure that the driver does not surpass the ton meter load rating. Last of all, the tower crane has a maximum reach of two hundred thirty feet or seventy meters.
There is definitely a science involved with erecting a tower crane, especially due to their extreme heights. First, the stationary structure has to be transported to the construction site by using a big tractor-trailer rig setup. Next, a mobile crane is utilized in order to assemble the equipment part of the jib and the crane. Afterwards, these parts are attached to the mast. After that, the mobile crane adds counterweights. Crawler cranes and forklifts can be some of the other industrial machinery which is usually used to erect a crane.
Mast extensions are added to the crane as the building is erected. This is how the height of the crane can match the building's height. The crane crew utilizes what is called a climbing frame or a top climber which fits between the top of the mast and the slewing unit. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew in order to balance the counterweight. When complete, the slewing unit can detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are used to adjust the slewing unit up an additional twenty feet or 6.1m. Then, the driver of the crane uses the crane to insert and bolt into place one more mast part piece.
A "loaded container" by definition is a container other than in the empty or tare condition, in reference to container handling. Unless otherwise confirmed, containers should be treated as loaded. To be able to maintain safety, when handling or securing containers, environmental conditions such as wind must be taken into account. The term loaded is the container's maximum gross weigh rating. In order to ensure that the centre of gravity is kept as low and central as possible, the load must be evenly distributed throughout the container.
Having an equally distributed cargo it is advantageous to avoid excessive tilting, and lack of vehicle stability, in order to maintain safety. A cargo that is even helps to prevent unacceptable load concentrations, and unacceptable vehicle axle loading.
The eccentricity of the center of gravity differs, with the distribution of load within the container. It is very essential that the designers of containers and handling machinery take this into account during the engineering process. For example, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in 50% of the container length measured from one end of the equipment, the eccentricity corresponds to 5 percent.
In order to make sure that the machine used is perfect for the cargo, care needs to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container and that the container is free to be handled. Specific attention mus be paid to the risk of the container tilting due to the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When raising any container whose centre of gravity is eccentric or mobile, such as a bulk container, a tank container a thermal container with a refrigerating unit or a container with a liquid bulk bag, either integral or clip on, or any container with a hanging cargo, extreme care should be taken when raising these.
