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An engine, also known as a motor, is a device that transforms energy into useful mechanical motion. Motors that change heat energy into motion are known as engines. Engines come in several kinds like for instance external and internal combustion. An internal combustion engine usually burns a fuel along with air and the resulting hot gases are utilized for generating power. Steam engines are an example of external combustion engines. They use heat to produce motion together with a separate working fluid.
The electric motor takes electrical energy and produces mechanical motion through various electromagnetic fields. This is a typical type of motor. Several kinds of motors are driven through non-combustive chemical reactions, other types could make use of springs and function through elastic energy. Pneumatic motors function through compressed air. There are various styles based upon the application required.
Internal combustion engines or ICEs
An ICE occurs when the combustion of fuel combines with an oxidizer inside a combustion chamber. In an internal combustion engine, the increase of high pressure gases mixed along with high temperatures results in making use of direct force to some engine parts, for example, turbine blades, nozzles or pistons. This force generates functional mechanical energy by way of moving the component over a distance. Normally, an internal combustion engine has intermittent combustion as seen in the popular 2- and 4-stroke piston engines and the Wankel rotating motor. Most gas turbines, rocket engines and jet engines fall into a second class of internal combustion motors called continuous combustion, that takes place on the same previous principal described.
Stirling external combustion engines or steam engines greatly vary from internal combustion engines. The external combustion engine, where energy is to be delivered to a working fluid like for instance pressurized water, hot water, liquid sodium or air that is heated in a boiler of some type. The working fluid is not mixed with, comprising or contaminated by combustion products.
The models of ICEs accessible these days come with various weaknesses and strengths. An internal combustion engine powered by an energy dense fuel would deliver efficient power-to-weight ratio. Though ICEs have succeeded in lots of stationary applications, their actual strength lies in mobile utilization. Internal combustion engines dominate the power supply used for vehicles like for example cars, boats and aircrafts. Several hand-held power equipments utilize either ICE or battery power equipments.
External combustion engines
An external combustion engine is comprised of a heat engine wherein a working fluid, like for example steam in steam engine or gas in a Stirling engine, is heated through combustion of an external source. This combustion happens through a heat exchanger or through the engine wall. The fluid expands and acts upon the engine mechanism that produces motion. After that, the fluid is cooled, and either compressed and reused or discarded, and cool fluid is pulled in.
Burning fuel along with the aid of an oxidizer in order to supply the heat is referred to as "combustion." External thermal engines could be of similar application and configuration but use a heat supply from sources like for instance nuclear, exothermic, geothermal or solar reactions not involving combustion.
Working fluid can be of whatever constitution, even if gas is the most common working fluid. At times a single-phase liquid is occasionally used. In Organic Rankine Cycle or in the case of the steam engine, the working fluid changes phases between gas and liquid.
