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Other factors that are essential to consider when selecting a forklift are the stroke and lift capacity. Lift capacity is defined as the supportable, maximum load or force. Stroke is defined as the difference between fully lowered and completely raised lift positions.
Some of the other key specifications for the forklift include fuel type and tire type. The fuel choices available are: LP or liquid propane, natural gas, electricity, compressed natural gas or CNG, gasoline, propane or diesel.
There are two basic kinds of tires for forklifts and fork trucks: pneumatic and solid. The cushion or solid tires need less maintenance than pneumatic tires and do not puncture easily. Air-inflated or pneumatic tires provide great drive traction and load-cushioning. At the end of the day, solid or cushion tires offer less shock absorption.
In total, there are 5 classes of forklifts. Class I forklifts are defined as electric-motor rider trucks. They are either stand-up operator units or seated 3-wheel units. The rider units are counterbalanced and could have pneumatic or cushion tires. Class II forklifts are electric motor forklifts utilized for order picking or inventory stock or narrow aisle operation.
Either standing-rider or walk-behind operated electric-motor trucks are classified as Class III forklifts. Usually, automated pallet lift-trucks together with high lift models are often counterbalanced. Class IV forklifts are rider fork trucks which have seated controls and cabs. This class has IC or internal combustion engines and cushion or solid tires.
Class V forklifts are defined as rider fork trucks. They come complete with cabs and seated controls, and pneumatic tires. Like Class IV forklifts, they are usually counterbalanced. Class VI forklifts are sit-down rider tow tractor lifts. Generally, they are supplied with internal combustion or electric engines.
Class VII forklifts are normally designed to be utilized on rough terrain. These kinds of machinery are normally utilized in agriculture, construction and in logging environments. Lastly, Class VIII forklifts have all personnel and burden carriers.
The best way to ensure safe forklift use is to require every worker to attend a forklift training program.
All employees should be aware of forklift basics. Safety information must be provided in the form of handouts, and posted in posters and warning signs. The following are some important forklift training and safety tips:
1) An employee can only use a forklift if she or he is licensed. Never take risks with such huge equipment. Forklift training should be taken really seriously.
2) Forklift operators must always use seat belts. Just because the forklift moves slowly doesn't mean that seat belts can be disregarded. Accidents are less likely to result in personal injuries when seat belts are worn.
3) Establish a system for employees to report instances of damage or mechanical problems. As the employer, you must create an effective and efficient reporting system that is really easy to learn. Workers must be well trained in forklift basics so that they can detect and report issues when they happen.
4) Training employees to lean away from the turn, and stay inside the cab even when there is a chance of overturning is really vital. Workers should not jump out. That's the best way to prevent serious injury.
5) Workers need to be trained to understand a forklift's weight capacity limit. A major cause of forklift accidents is related to tip overs caused by lifting too big a load. Staff should be well aware of how much they could safely lift. A tip over can damage the entire forklift. Overloading is the biggest safety blunder a worker could make.
